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  1. #1
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    Default The genetic Algorithm of hair ageing (abridged)

    The genetic Algorithm
    of
    HAIR AGEING (abridged)
    ---------------
    This is an abridged version for patients and fellow doctors. If you wish to discuss in detail, please contact Dr Capt Arvind Poswal directly.
    ---------------

    Ageing has long been considered a natural, untreatable event.
    In light of recent scientific advances, ageing is now to be considered an adverse event or a disease. (1,5,8)
    One that needs to be
    -observed
    -quantified
    -stopped, &
    -reversed
    Hair is the fastest growing organ of our body. It grows an average 1cm to
    1.5cm per month on scalp.
    Hair in other body areas differs in their characteristics.
    However, all hair are metabolically very active.
    Any stress, DNA damage, insufficient nutrients etc, reflects on the hair.
    The same is easily observable & quantifiable(hair greying, miniaturization etc.).
    Given that there are different hair types, both according to their characters (length, color, curl, speed of growth etc), as well as longevity, it offers us a ready possibility to check different approaches to keep the hair in a youthful state.
    In recent times, numerous molecules and protocols were tested and are under human trials
    to see their anti-ageing benefits.(9,14,15,19,20,21,23,30)
    An incidental observation, in mice studies, showed better hair/fur growth, darker & glossier hair and less hairloss.(14,15,20)
    This opens the scientific borders to a deeper study of the hair follicle & it’s ageing process.
    I propose to compile the current advances that clearly show that ageing is reflected in our hair and is a step towards permanent hairloss. Researchers have identified the cells (melanocytes and keratinocytes), that age the earliest & contribute to hair greying & hair loss.(4,8,10,11,13,16,17,18)
    Specific molecules (natural as well as synthetic) & protocols have been shown to act at the genetic/DNA level, activating the stem cells to multiply (leading to younger, thicker hair). (6,9,14,15,17,19,20,21)
    -----------------------------------------------------------
    Aging at
    -Tissue level
    -cellular level,
    is influenced by our epigenome .(8,10,11,13,16,17,18)
    Epigenome can be best considered as biosphere (or atmosphere for ease of understanding) acting on our genes at cellular level.
    It consists of various enzymes, proteins, nutrients, toxins, chemicals, exercise, temperature etc. that act on our genetic material to selectively switch certain genes on & off.
    Epigenome also determines the total stress on our genes & their repair mechanisms (sirtuin genes/pathways). (2)
    Hair Ageing, in simple words, is progressive inability of the sirtuin genes to keep pace with the DNA damage occurring in the cells of the hair follicle leading to its progressive miniaturization and death.(24,25,26,27,28,31)
    Can we reduce DNA damage? (3,9,15,17,19,20,21,30)
    Yes, once we know what is causing the DNA damage, our approach is
    -prevent/reduce further damage
    -repair the existing damage
    -reinvigorate the tissues leading to aging reversal.
    -reverse the changes occurring in blood vessels as we age,

    Changes occur in & around the hair follicle.
    Ageing in hair follicle is a sum of
    -Hair root sheath weakening
    -stem cell escape/exhaustion (11)
    -melanocyte senescence & keratinocyte damage.
    Skin also contributes overall due to loss of Hyaluronic acid & collagen.
    We cannot rely solely on the old theory, viz., genetically transmitted susceptibly of hair follicle stem cells to DHT, causing hair loss /baldness.
    If it were so, we should expect a peak in baldness around puberty when there is a spurt of testosterone.
    The aging & death of hair follicle is a more complicated and graded process.
    Hair follicle, much like blood vessels is a tubular structure.
    Stem cells escaping from hair follicles have been observed.
    It is safe to assume, whether mediated by melanocytes/ additional culprit cells, ageing occurs at a microscopic level progressively depleting the follicle of its melanocytes as well as stem cells, till the hair miniaturizes & dies off.
    DHT susceptibility is only one part of the hairloss process.
    To counter the hair ageing and hairloss process, our treatment approach has to be multidimensional.
    -Use of senolytics
    -Use of stem cell stimulators
    -Antiageing supplements improving condition of the blood vessels, (and possibly hair root sheaths), thus preventing stem cell escape & melanocyte senescence.
    -Provide natural nutrients to enhance the dna repair activity (salmon, eggs, sirt 6activator).

    Our whole process of hair loss treatment is currently flawed as we focus only on testosterone and DHT for our hair loss/permanent male pattern baldness.
    Testosterone peaks at 15-16 years of age; we should have baldness around that age. However, we do not see that.

    We have to realize that hair exists in a dynamic space with many things acting on its genome.
    The repair mechanisms acting under directions of the sirtuin genes, can create a healthy environment at the cellular level, thus, helping in continued healthy hair growth.
    ---------------------------------------
    Testosterone is converted to DHT. The exact mechanism of action of DHT at a cellular/genetic level needs deeper understanding.

    Recent advances and research shows that as we expose our hair follicles to epigenetic stress, the root sheaths weaken/become more porous. This in turn leads to the eventual and gradual escape of the stem cells from the hair follicle into the surrounding skin where it loses its differentiation and ceases to form hair matrix.
    We have to find out the reasons for weakening of the hair root sheaths.
    Our treatment efforts currently focus only on blocking DHT without helping strengthen the hair architecture/structures.
    The treatment should, therefore, not be focused only on combating DHT, but also to strengthen the hair root sheaths and remove the causes of weakening of the hair root sheath.
    New research on anti-aging supplements can help mice and men improve the quality of their hair as well as its longevity.
    We have to think in terms of managing and monitoring the epigenetic inputs to our scalp and hair follicles on a continuous basis.
    That includes a correct diet, less environment damage and providing the best supplements to help healthy hair growth as well as monitoring our DNA (whole genome sequencing/WGS) and NAD levels.
    WGS will help us locate specific mutations that make difference in whether topicals/medicines will help or not.
    NAD is required by the sirtuin genes to repair the hair follicles on a continuous basis. Reduction in NAD levels (due to infection, stress, pollutants etc.) reduces the ability of the sirtuin genes to conduct this repair.

    I do not suggest that we doctors start prescribing these supplements straightaway.
    Many people are using these supplements for health purposes as well as for age reversal.
    The benefits of these supplements for hair need to be investigated. I request all members of the general public and doctors using these supplements or protocols to please share your experiences with us.

    Supplements/medicines to discuss with your doctor:
    -NMN (Nicotinamide Mono Nucleotide)
    -Metformin
    - Resveratrol
    -Fisetin
    -Ca-AKG
    -Spermidine
    -Coenzyme Q10
    -Astragalus
    -Quercetin

    Correct diet measures to read about:
    -Intermittent fasting
    -Calorie restriction
    -Plant based diet (with seafood)
    -Extra virgin olive oil.

    Red light therapy using light source at 660nm and 850 nm.

    The above list is not exhaustive but it's a good start.
    Please do not hesitate to contact us to share your feedback and questions.

    References:
    1.https://www.sciencedaily.com/release...0526085138.htm
    2.https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-22388-5
    3.https://www.longevity.technology/new...og_supplements
    4.https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/22/s...pgtype=Article
    5.https://nouvelles.umontreal.ca/en/ar...ox-elucidated/
    6.https://news.mit.edu/2018/fasting-bo...-capacity-0503
    7.https://www.sciencedaily.com/release...0423133511.htm
    8.https://discoverysedge.mayo.edu/2019...an-skin-aging/
    9.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30279143/
    10.https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/04/h...?smid=fb-share
    11.https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/004005.htm
    12.https://www.sciencedirect.com/scienc...68501120300286
    13.https://www.nia.nih.gov/news/senesce...out-aging-body
    14.https://theartofantiaging.com/top-he...f-resveratrol/
    15.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles...20.566617/full
    16.https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle...scp_hair&faf=1
    17.https://www.nature.com/articles/srep17282
    18.https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-021-00646-9
    19.https://www.sciencedirect.com/scienc...2813312500011X
    20.https://www.science.org/content/arti...pan-least-mice
    21.https://phys.org/news/2021-06-rapamycin-dna.html
    22.https://www.hindawi.com/journals/omcl/2020/8819627/
    23.https://www.lifespan.io/news/senolyt...n-old-animals/
    24.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pm...es/PMC3129131/
    25.https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/...9.2002.02036.x
    26.https://www.researchgate.net/profile...Stem-Cells.pdf
    27.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pm...es/PMC2938584/
    28.https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/004005.htm
    29.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8980299/ 30.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pm...es/PMC8232155/
    31.https://www.sciencedirect.com/scienc...49X?via%3Dihub

    Regards,
    Dr Capt Arvind Poswal
    +919810178062
    Email - poswalarvind@yahoo.co.in

  2. #2
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    Sep 2015
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    Default

    I'm surprised no one has replied to this well written and researched post. One of the mysteries of hair loss that I have never seen a good answer to is why hair above the horseshoe pattern susceptible to miniaturization, and hair below the horseshoe resistant? Are the susceptible follicles genetically programmed to miniaturize when exposed to DHT, or does DHT only exist above horseshoe pattern?

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