It is definitely possible to perform hair transplantation on people with fine hair. Typically though, you would require more grafts and probably two sessions to get adequate coverage. (Two sessions assuming you stabilize your hair loss to prevent further thinning....)
I have quite fine hair that's pretty straight and shoulder length (I'm female

) and have had two hair transplants. I'm waiting for the second one to grow in (I'm at just over 5 months now.) My goal was to fill in my frontotemporal recessions, which I was born with, and lower my front hairline a smidge.
What colour is your hair? Lighter hair does not usually require as many grafts as darker hair as the contrast between your hair colour and scalp colour is not as great. Mine is quite dark brown so that didn't work to my advantage. However, the hairline does quite nicely when fine hair is used.